About ACS Style. ACS Style uses a notational method of referencing when referring to a source of information within the text of a document. In its simplest form, a number in superscript format placed in the text of the essay, indicates the relevant reference: The superscript number appears outside the punctuation if the citation applies to a ...Jul 27, 2022 · The ACS style is used in the field of chemistry. GENERAL GUIDELINES. IN-TEXT CITATIONS. Sources should be cited in-text in one of three ways: 1. By number. Assign sources numbers consecutively as they are used in your paper. The number should be italicized and enclosed in parenthesis before the period. If citing a source more than once in your ... The in-text citation style is as follows: For parenthetical citations we enclose the number of the reference, thus: [1]. Sequential parenthetical citations are enclosed in square brackets and separated by commas, thus [1, 2]. When a citation is part of a sentence, the name of the author is NOT enclosed in brackets, but the year is: "So we see ...References to data retrieved from a database should be cited like a web site and include the CAS Registry Number (RN) or chemical name and the date the database was accessed. If the data are calculated data, also cite the software used for the calculation. SciFinder: If the spectrum or data was found in SciFinder, cite it in the following way:Journal Title Abbreviations. The CAS Source Index (CASSI) Search Tool is an online resource that quickly identifies or confirms journal titles and abbreviatiosn for publications indexed by CAS since 1907. Locate the bibliographic details you need quickly and easily. Search by Title, Abbreviation, CODEN, ISBN, or ISSN.Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like When a student breaks a glass object, the following should occur, If a bunsen burner is failing to light upon use of the striker, do the following first, food or drink is allowed in the labs under the following conditions: and more.ACS Style Quick Guide. Note to the Reader: This is an open access chapter published under an ACS AuthorChoice License, which permits copying and redistribution of the chapter or any adaptations for non-commercial purposes. In all of the examples shown here, the source type is online unless noted otherwise. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like When a student breaks a glass object, the following should occur, If a bunsen burner is failing to light upon use of the striker, do the following first, food or drink is allowed in the labs under the following conditions: and more.Feb 17, 2021 · The citations are arranged sequentially in the text, by placing a number italicized inside parenthesis or in superscript form or using an author–date format. You can also cite more than one source at a time: Example sentence ( 1, 2) or Example sentence 1,2 or Example sentence (Rose, 2003) Example sentence ( 1 – 3) or Example sentence 1–3 ... No registration and limitations of any kind, which means that you can cite as much as you wish. Automatic and manual ACS citation generator modes that let you avoid plagiarism. Cite your sources by entering ISBN, author’s name, journal’s DOI, or the URL. You can choose any citation type maker from a book in print to a webpage source. Get article recommendations from ACS based on references in your Mendeley library. ... 3.3.3 Text-Based File Formats for Storing ... 4.3.5 Reference Formatting ... Feb 8, 2023 · How to cite sources in APA: citation examples. Citation formatting is an important component of any academic style. In APA format, references need to be acknowledged where they appear in the text (known as in-text citations) and listed on a distinct page known as the reference list page. ACS indicates that in-text citations can be done in one of three ways: By superscript numbers: Oscillation in the reaction of benzaldehyde with oxygen was reported previously. 3. The methods used by Thompson 3 incorporate the unique properties of this element. By numbers in parentheses: Oscillation in the reaction of benzaldehyde with oxygen ...Additionally, what kind of website is it - are you looking at a blog, a publisher's website, a streaming film, etc. If you aren't citing the website content, then you'll need to use the citation format for the other type of resource you are using (e.g. streaming film, journal article, book, etc.).Dec 26, 2022 · If you used author-date in-text citations, order references in alphabetical order by last name of the first author. Referencing Different Sources in ACS Style Academic Books. Print Book Citation Format. Author 1; Author 2; etc. Title of Book, Edition Number; Series Information If Applicable; Publisher, Year. Online Book Citation Format How to cite in ACS style. 1. In-Text Citations. Use an in-text citation to acknowledge that you are quoting or paraphrasing another author's words, ideas or data in the text of your research paper. Choose one of the following methods for citing references in-text: Add a superscript number at the end of the text being citedMay 26, 2018 · The ACS citation style is developed by the American Chemical Society and presents the guidelines to cite and format the publications and papers of chemistry. Like other citation styles, the ACS style is also different from other styles in terms of standards and guidelines. Following these guidelines, the writer could style his papers as per the ... Get article recommendations from ACS based on references in your Mendeley library. ... 3.3.3 Text-Based File Formats for Storing ... 4.3.5 Reference Formatting ... References (endnotes) are placed in numerical order at the end of your essay. They include the authors' names, details of the works cited, and relevant page numbers. For a numbered edition, place the abbreviation after the book title, e.g., ‘2nd ed.’. This part should not be italicised.A reference list, displayed at the end of the article which provides full details of all references cited in the text. The references are ordered in alphabetical order if cited by author and date or in numerical order if cited by numbers. Some examples taken from The ACS style guide: effective communication of scientific information are given ...Feb 4, 2021 · The reference section of your paper should be in numerical order, so that "2" in the body of your paper corresponds to "2" in your reference list. If you use the author name and year format, the citations in your reference section should be alphabetized by authors' last names. Last Updated: Feb 4, 2021 2:29 PM. How to cite in ACS style. 1. In-Text Citations. Use an in-text citation to acknowledge that you are quoting or paraphrasing another author's words, ideas or data in the text of your research paper. Choose one of the following methods for citing references in-text: Add a superscript number at the end of the text being citedJul 11, 2023 · The in-text citation style is as follows: For parenthetical citations we enclose the number of the reference, thus: [1]. Sequential parenthetical citations are enclosed in square brackets and separated by commas, thus [1, 2]. When a citation is part of a sentence, the name of the author is NOT enclosed in brackets, but the year is: "So we see ... In-Text Citations. ACS offers three approaches to cite sources in-text: Superscript, Italic Numbers in Parentheses, and Author-Date. When writing your paper, choose one of these in-text citation styles and use it consistently.References follow the text in a section headed REFERENCES (use first-level head format identified earlier). All references should be double-spaced and use a hanging indent. Use title case for all titles (capitalize all words except prepositions such as of, between, through ), articles (such as a, the , and an ), and conjunctions (such as but ...Citation analysis is the examination of the frequency, patterns, and graphs of citations in documents. It uses the directed graph of citations — links from one document to another document — to reveal properties of the documents. A typical aim would be to identify the most important documents in a collection. Jan 31, 2023 · Vancouver style is a numeric citation system used in biomedical, health and other sciences. This style consists of in-text citations that use either superscript or bracketed numbers. The same number is used throughout the paper to refer to the same source. The reference list at the end of the paper lists the full bibliographic citations for ... An ACS citation generator is an online tool that creates citations in the American Chemical Society (ACS) citation style. It does this automatically by taking in a key identifier for an article or document, such as a URL for websites, ISBN for books, or ISSN for journal articles. Then, it locates and formats the remaining details correctly ...Aug 1, 2023 · Mississippi State University is an equal opportunity institution. Discrimination in university employment, programs or activities based on race, color, ethnicity, sex, pregnancy, religion, national origin, disability, age, sexual orientation, gender identity, genetic information, status as a U.S. veteran, or any other status protected by applicable law is prohibited. Jul 20, 2006 · When using ACS, the in-text citations are commonly denoted with a superscript marker (raised number) at the end of the sentence or piece of information that is being pulled from the reference. The bibliography, or reference list, appears at the end of the paper in alphabetical order if cited by author and date or in numerical order if cited by numbers. Different reference formats (book vs. journal vs. website) have different rules for citation. See below for some common format examples. Books and Book ChaptersReferences (endnotes) are placed in numerical order at the end of your essay. They include the authors' names, details of the works cited, and relevant page numbers. For a numbered edition, place the abbreviation after the book title, e.g., ‘2nd ed.’. This part should not be italicised.References follow the text in a section headed REFERENCES (use first-level head format identified earlier). All references should be double-spaced and use a hanging indent. Use title case for all titles (capitalize all words except prepositions such as of, between, through ), articles (such as a, the , and an ), and conjunctions (such as but ... Further information regarding journal title abbreviations can be found in the ACS Style Guide, 3rd ed., pp. 291, 294-295. • The year of publication is given in bold. • Volume and page numbers are given but not bolded or labeled. • Volume numbers are italicised. • For journals in which each issue begins with page 1, include issue ...When using APA format, follow the author-date method of in-text citation. This means that the author's last name and the year of publication for the source should appear in the text, like, for example, (Jones, 1998). One complete reference for each source should appear in the reference list at the end of the paper.ACS indicates that in-text citations can be done in one of three ways: By superscript numbers: Oscillation in the reaction of benzaldehyde with oxygen was reported previously. 3. The methods used by Thompson 3 incorporate the unique properties of this element. By numbers in parentheses: Oscillation in the reaction of benzaldehyde with oxygen ...Full references for each source are listed at the end of the paper. ACS style resources. 🌐 Official ACS style guidelines. 🗂 ACS style guide. 📝 ACS citation generator. ACS style examples. Here is an example of an in-text citation in ACS numeric style: The source contradicted the hypothesis ¹. Here is a reference list entry in ACS ...Jul 31, 2023 · A reference list, displayed at the end of the article which provides full details of all references cited in the text. The references are ordered in alphabetical order if cited by author and date or in numerical order if cited by numbers. Some examples taken from The ACS style guide: effective communication of scientific information are given ... There are three ways you can cite in-text with ACS. Double-check with your professor or publisher to make sure you're using the correct one. Anytime you use information from someone else's work you need an in-text citation to attribute the idea to the author. The same is true for direct quotes. Author-date: Put the author (s) last name and the ...Reference Guidelines. References to the literature should be listed on a separate sheet numbered in one consecutive series according to the order they appear in the text. If a reference is cited more than once in the text, use the same number each time. References should be cited in the text by number typed as unparenthesized superscripts, but ... Aug 18, 2023 · Use only one method of in-text citation and be consistent. Cite the reference in a logical place. With numerical reference citations, start with 1 and number consecutively throughout the paper, including references in text and those in tables or figures. If a reference is repeated, DO NOT give it a new number, use the original. References to work presented at conferences and meetings must be treated on a case-by case basis. 1. Full citations of published abstracts and proceedings. The format resembles that of a book citation. Basic Format: Author 1; Author 2; Author 3; etc. Title of Presentation. In Title of Collected Work, ProceedingJul 20, 2006 · When using ACS, the in-text citations are commonly denoted with a superscript marker (raised number) at the end of the sentence or piece of information that is being pulled from the reference. Aug 11, 2023 · There are three ways you can cite in-text with ACS. Double-check with your professor or publisher to make sure you're using the correct one. Anytime you use information from someone else's work you need an in-text citation to attribute the idea to the author. The same is true for direct quotes. Author-date: Put the author (s) last name and the ... The ACS style is produced by the American Chemical Society (ACS). ACS offers several ways to make in-text references: with a superscript number, a number in parentheses, or with author name and year of publication in parentheses. While its emphasis is on chemistry, the ACS style is applicable to science, engineering, and medical disciplines.Journal Title Abbreviations. The CAS Source Index (CASSI) Search Tool is an online resource that quickly identifies or confirms journal titles and abbreviatiosn for publications indexed by CAS since 1907. Locate the bibliographic details you need quickly and easily. Search by Title, Abbreviation, CODEN, ISBN, or ISSN.Jul 11, 2023 · The in-text citation style is as follows: For parenthetical citations we enclose the number of the reference, thus: [1]. Sequential parenthetical citations are enclosed in square brackets and separated by commas, thus [1, 2]. When a citation is part of a sentence, the name of the author is NOT enclosed in brackets, but the year is: "So we see ... Verified answer. You are experiencing issues when trying to transfer files between two computers using FTP. What could be the potential cause (s) of the issue. heart. Suppose we have developed an authentication application, and in a number 1000 independent test run, the authentication app can recognize the correct.Indicating the Relevant Reference in the Text. • A number in superscript format, placed in the text of the essay, indicates the relevant reference. • The superscript number appears outside the punctuation if the citation applies to a whole sentence or clause. • Citations are numbered consecutively in the order in which they appear in the ...Each citation consists of two parts: the in-text citation, which provides brief identifying information within the text, and the reference list, a list of sources that provides full bibliographic information. This online guide is based on the ACS Style Guide, 3rd Edition published in 2006.Citing Chemistry. There are a number of different styles or formats for citations, including MLA, APA and Turabian. Which style you use depends upon the subject discipline you are working in. For Chemistry you may use the ACS Style Guide. If you are uncertain about which style to use, ask your professor.Every figure, table, and reference must have a callout in the text. References must be sequentially numbered in the order that they appear the first time in the text. No footnotes are allowed in the text; please incorporate footnotes as references. If you reproduce or adapt previously published tables, figures, illustrations, or Formatting Your Paper Tips. These tips can help you format your paper correctly. The ACS Style Guide does not dictate font, margins, and other overall elements for the text of a paper or report. In general, the below guidelines are considered good practice; however be sure to follow your instructor's directions on such matters.APA Data Citation: General Rules. General Rules: Italicize the title of the data set. After the title of the data set identify the type of source ex: [Data file and code book]. If the data set has a doi then list the doi, but if it doesn't then list the url where you retrieved the data.For additional examples and explanations, see The ACS Style Guide or the 2nd edition print manual in Alden Library QD8.5 .A25 1997. Each citation consists of two parts: the in-text citation, which provides brief identifying information within the text, and the reference list, a list of sources that provides full bibliographic information.Citation analysis is the examination of the frequency, patterns, and graphs of citations in documents. It uses the directed graph of citations — links from one document to another document — to reveal properties of the documents. A typical aim would be to identify the most important documents in a collection. If you used author-date in-text citations, order references in alphabetical order by last name of the first author. Referencing Different Sources in ACS Style Academic Books. Print Book Citation Format. Author 1; Author 2; etc. Title of Book, Edition Number; Series Information If Applicable; Publisher, Year. Online Book Citation FormatAPA Style is widely used by students, researchers, and professionals in the social and behavioral sciences. Scribbr’s free citation generator automatically generates accurate references and in-text citations. This citation guide outlines the most important citation guidelines from the 7th edition APA Publication Manual (2020).4.) Create your Biblography, Reference List or Works Cited page . Create either a Bibliography, Reference List or Works Cited list at the end of your essay or thesis. The usual arrangement is alphabetical by the last name of the first author listed in the citation. If there is no author, the first word of the title is used in the sequence.References to data retrieved from a database should be cited like a web site and include the CAS Registry Number (RN) or chemical name and the date the database was accessed. If the data are calculated data, also cite the software used for the calculation. SciFinder: If the spectrum or data was found in SciFinder, cite it in the following way:ACS Style Quick Guide. Note to the Reader: This is an open access chapter published under an ACS AuthorChoice License, which permits copying and redistribution of the chapter or any adaptations for non-commercial purposes. In all of the examples shown here, the source type is online unless noted otherwise.Each citation consists of two parts: the in-text citation, which provides brief identifying information within the text, and the reference list, a list of sources that provides full bibliographic information. This online guide is based on the ACS Style Guide, 3rd Edition published in 2006.To use the works cited generator, simply: Select from APA, MLA, Chicago, ASA, IEEE and AMA * styles. Choose the type of source you would like to cite (e.g. website, book, journal, video). Enter the URL, DOI, ISBN, title, or other unique source information into the citation generator to find your source. Click the ‘Cite’ button on the ...In-Text References. There are three ways to cite references in text . Please consult with your professor on the preferred method. 1. By superscript numbers, which appear outside the punctuation if the citation applies to the whole sentence. Oscillation in the reaction of benzaldehyde with oxygen was reported previously. 1.Aug 23, 2023 · 1. By superscript numbers, which appear outside the punctuation if the citation applies to a whole sentence or clause. For example, Oscillation in the reaction of benzaldehyde with oxygen was reported previously.3. 2. By italic numbers in parentheses on the line of text and inside the punctuation. For example, How to cite in ACS style. 1. In-Text Citations. Use an in-text citation to acknowledge that you are quoting or paraphrasing another author's words, ideas or data in the text of your research paper. Choose one of the following methods for citing references in-text: Add a superscript number at the end of the text being citedCitation analysis is the examination of the frequency, patterns, and graphs of citations in documents. It uses the directed graph of citations — links from one document to another document — to reveal properties of the documents. A typical aim would be to identify the most important documents in a collection. Sep 1, 2023 · The complete, comprehensive guide shows you how easy citing any source can be. Referencing books, youtube videos, websites, articles, journals, podcasts, images, videos, or music in ACS Nano. Automate citations and referencing with our tool, Citationsy. It’s free to try and over 400 000 students and researchers already use it. Full references for each source are listed at the end of the paper. ACS style resources. 🌐 Official ACS style guidelines. 🗂 ACS style guide. 📝 ACS citation generator. ACS style examples. Here is an example of an in-text citation in ACS numeric style: The source contradicted the hypothesis ¹. Here is a reference list entry in ACS ...For work published online (ASAP), the DOI should be furnished in addition to the standard bibliographic information. DOI is an accepted form of citation before the article appears in an issue. Book references should contain author names, book title (preferably written in title case), publisher, city, and year.No registration and limitations of any kind, which means that you can cite as much as you wish. Automatic and manual ACS citation generator modes that let you avoid plagiarism. Cite your sources by entering ISBN, author’s name, journal’s DOI, or the URL. You can choose any citation type maker from a book in print to a webpage source. • formatting manuscript references to electronic resources and informa-tion on reference-management software; and • markup languages, in anticipation of the classification and capture of sci-entific information in yet-to-be-defined structures. The chapters on peer review, copyright, the editorial process, and writingSep 1, 2023 · The complete, comprehensive guide shows you how easy citing any source can be. Referencing books, youtube videos, websites, articles, journals, podcasts, images, videos, or music in ACS Nano. Automate citations and referencing with our tool, Citationsy. It’s free to try and over 400 000 students and researchers already use it. The reference section of your paper should be in numerical order, so that "2" in the body of your paper corresponds to "2" in your reference list. If you use the author name and year format, the citations in your reference section should be alphabetized by authors' last names. Last Updated: Feb 4, 2021 2:29 PM.Oct 29, 2022 · Check your ACS citations for these details: Include all author names in a reference citation. With multiple authors, separate the names from one another by semicolons. Always end the author field with a period. List the names in inverted form: surname first,then first initial, middle initial, and qualifiers (Jr., II). There are three ways to cite references in-text using ACS Style. Select ONE in-text style to use consistently throughout your paper. Superscript numbers - In-text citations are superscript numbers. References are listed at the end of the paper in the order in which they have been cited. If you are citing more than one reference in the same ...A reference list, displayed at the end of the article which provides full details of all references cited in the text. The references are ordered in alphabetical order if cited by author and date or in numerical order if cited by numbers. Some examples taken from The ACS style guide: effective communication of scientific information are given ...With our free ACS citation generator, you no longer have to be limited/constrained as far as the kind of citation sources you can use is concerned. Often, the referencing style you need to use locks you out from using some sources due to the mismatch in the formatting or style used by the source vis-à-vis your own preferred style.Sep 4, 2023 · About ACS Style. ACS Style uses a notational method of referencing when referring to a source of information within the text of a document. In its simplest form, a number in superscript format placed in the text of the essay, indicates the relevant reference: The superscript number appears outside the punctuation if the citation applies to a ... Feb 1, 2023 · Cite ACS Style. ACS guide according to The ACS Style Guide 3rd edition from the American Chemical Society. ... In-Text Citation; Formatting, Tips & Sample Papers; The in-text citation style is as follows: For parenthetical citations we enclose the number of the reference, thus: [1]. Sequential parenthetical citations are enclosed in square brackets and separated by commas, thus [1, 2]. When a citation is part of a sentence, the name of the author is NOT enclosed in brackets, but the year is: "So we see ...To use the works cited generator, simply: Select from APA, MLA, Chicago, ASA, IEEE and AMA * styles. Choose the type of source you would like to cite (e.g. website, book, journal, video). Enter the URL, DOI, ISBN, title, or other unique source information into the citation generator to find your source. Click the ‘Cite’ button on the ...
In-Text References. There are three ways to cite references in text . Please consult with your professor on the preferred method. 1. By superscript numbers, which appear outside the punctuation if the citation applies to the whole sentence. Oscillation in the reaction of benzaldehyde with oxygen was reported previously. 1.. Former wsb tv meteorologists
Jul 20, 2006 · When using ACS, the in-text citations are commonly denoted with a superscript marker (raised number) at the end of the sentence or piece of information that is being pulled from the reference. Jul 26, 2023 · CSE Citation-Name Style. CSE has three citation styles, in CSE Citation-Name references are listed alphabetically and then numbered in your reference list. When citing references in the text of your project or paper you will refer to them by number. Use the appropriate reference number in superscript after the information you are citing. Aug 18, 2008 · Each citation consists of two parts: the in-text citation, which provides brief identifying information within the text, and the reference list, a list of sources that provides full bibliographic information. Vancouver style is a numeric citation system used in biomedical, health and other sciences. This style consists of in-text citations that use either superscript or bracketed numbers. The same number is used throughout the paper to refer to the same source. The reference list at the end of the paper lists the full bibliographic citations for ...Every figure, table, and reference must have a callout in the text. References must be sequentially numbered in the order that they appear the first time in the text. No footnotes are allowed in the text; please incorporate footnotes as references. If you reproduce or adapt previously published tables, figures, illustrations, orFor additional examples and explanations, see The ACS Style Guide or the 2nd edition print manual in Alden Library QD8.5 .A25 1997. Each citation consists of two parts: the in-text citation, which provides brief identifying information within the text, and the reference list, a list of sources that provides full bibliographic information.May 26, 2018 · The ACS citation style is developed by the American Chemical Society and presents the guidelines to cite and format the publications and papers of chemistry. Like other citation styles, the ACS style is also different from other styles in terms of standards and guidelines. Following these guidelines, the writer could style his papers as per the ... Jul 27, 2022 · The ACS style is used in the field of chemistry. GENERAL GUIDELINES. IN-TEXT CITATIONS. Sources should be cited in-text in one of three ways: 1. By number. Assign sources numbers consecutively as they are used in your paper. The number should be italicized and enclosed in parenthesis before the period. If citing a source more than once in your ... Aug 16, 2023 · APA Data Citation: General Rules. General Rules: Italicize the title of the data set. After the title of the data set identify the type of source ex: [Data file and code book]. If the data set has a doi then list the doi, but if it doesn't then list the url where you retrieved the data. Aug 31, 2022 · There are two basic approaches to citation: In-text citations + a list of references at the end of the paper. Endnotes or footnotes +/- a bibliography at the end of the paper. Scholars writing in the sciences and social sciences typically use in-text citations, while humanities scholars utilize endnotes/footnotes. Journal Title Abbreviations. The CAS Source Index (CASSI) Search Tool is an online resource that quickly identifies or confirms journal titles and abbreviatiosn for publications indexed by CAS since 1907. Locate the bibliographic details you need quickly and easily. Search by Title, Abbreviation, CODEN, ISBN, or ISSN.Jun 14, 2023 · How to cite in ACS style. 1. In-Text Citations. Use an in-text citation to acknowledge that you are quoting or paraphrasing another author's words, ideas or data in the text of your research paper. Choose one of the following methods for citing references in-text: Add a superscript number at the end of the text being cited To use the works cited generator, simply: Select from APA, MLA, Chicago, ASA, IEEE and AMA * styles. Choose the type of source you would like to cite (e.g. website, book, journal, video). Enter the URL, DOI, ISBN, title, or other unique source information into the citation generator to find your source. Click the ‘Cite’ button on the ...ACS - author-date citation style. With ACS - author-date citation style, the references need to be: in alphabetical order by author's last name. multiple references by the same author should be listed in chronological order. For two or more references by the same author (s) AND same publication year, consecutive lowercase letters need to be ...plan used, summarize the principal findings, and point out major conclusions. Do not cite references, tables, figures, or sections of the report. Do not include equations, schemes, or structures. Write the abstract last to be sure that it accurately reflects the content of the paper.” (The ACS Style Guide: A Manual for Authors and Editors, 2 ndAug 24, 2023 · Many databases (e.g., Academic Search Premier, search on library homepage, and Google Scholar) offer the option of creating your references in common style. Look for this as you save, e-mail or print your references. Select the cite link in Libraries Search (the icon is a quotation mark). When using ACS, the in-text citations are commonly denoted with a superscript marker (raised number) at the end of the sentence or piece of information that is being pulled from the reference.For work published online (ASAP), the DOI should be furnished in addition to the standard bibliographic information. DOI is an accepted form of citation before the article appears in an issue. Book references should contain author names, book title (preferably written in title case), publisher, city, and year.Aug 11, 2023 · There are three ways you can cite in-text with ACS. Double-check with your professor or publisher to make sure you're using the correct one. Anytime you use information from someone else's work you need an in-text citation to attribute the idea to the author. The same is true for direct quotes. Author-date: Put the author (s) last name and the ... .